Heating apparatus



7 Jan. 8, 1 946. GOERG 2,392,587

HEATING APlARATUS Filed June 10, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR fife/men605/66 @ATT RNEY Patented Jan. 8, 1946 HEATING APPARATUS Bernard Goergi,Bronxville, N. Y., assignor to American Radiator & Standard SanitaryCorporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application June10, 1942, Serial No. 446,473

6 Claims.

My invention relates to heating apparatus such as boilers, furnaces, andthe like, audit has for a broad object to provide a new and improvedform of baiile structure which functions to direct the flow of thecombustion gases and to protect the defining walls of the combustionchamber.

A further object is to provide an improved form of crown sheet baiiiefor heating apparatus which is simple in form and is inexpensive to makeand which can be readily inserted and taken out through the furnace doorand which can be easily and readily assembled in itsoperative position.

The invention consists in the novel construction and combination ofparts, to be more fully described hereinafter, and the novelty of whichwill be particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, to be taken as a part of thisspecification, I have fully and clearly illustrated a preferredembodiment of my invention, in which drawings- Fig. 1 is a longitudinalvertical section showing one preferred embodiment of my invention, theview being taken on the broken section line l'-| of Fig. 2 and alsoincluding the lower part of the combustion chamber and a conventionalform of fuel-burning apparatus;

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1and omitting the lowe part of the combustion chamber;

Fig. 3 is a partial plan section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a detail view showing in perspective one of the plate memberswhich when assembled with another plate member similar to the one shown,forms a crown sheet baflle; and

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical section taken on the line 5-5of Fig. 3.

Referring now in detail to the construction illustrated, I have shown myinvention as embodied in a conventional form of heating apparatus, knownin the art as a vertical sectional cast iron boiler. It will beappreciated, however, that, in so far as the broader aspects of thisinvention are concerned, it is not limitedin its application to theparticular type of boiler, or furnace, which is shown,for the inventioncan equally as well be incorporated in a varietyof other types ofheating apparatus.

In the drawings, the boiler is indicated in its entirety by thereference numeral I0 and comprises the usual back section II, frontsection I2, and one or more intermediate sections, there being two inthe boiler disclosed, said sections being indicated by the numerals l3and I4, respectively. The several sections are assembled in verticalside-by-side relation and the hollow interior spaces therein areconnected at their lower ends by the usual small water flow nipples IE(only one being shown) and at their upper ends by large steam and'waterflow nipples l6, so that the boiler water may freely circulate betweensections and the steam from all sections may flow freely to a steamoutlet connection I! which may be formed in any desired section, forexample, the intermediate section I l, The normal water level isindicated at l8. The boiler l0 may be operated as a hot water boileraswell as a steam boiler.

The several boiler section are constructed so that when they areassembled in the manner shown; they provide a combustion chamber'Zfl inthe lower part of the boiler, and a plurality of horizontal flues 2| inthe upper part of the boiler to receive the combustion gases from thecombustion chamber through the usual opening 22, here shown a beinglocated in the top and rear of said chamber. The flues discharge suchgases from the boiler through the usual smoke outlet 23. The combustionchamber 20 is defined by a pair of opposed upright sidewalls 24 and 25,respectively, a crown sheet or top wall 26 connecting the upper ends ofthe side walls 24 and 25, and a pair of opposed end walls 21 and 28,respectively, connected at their uprightsides to the side walls 24 and25 and at their top to the crown sheet or top wall 26. The end wall 21may be considered as the rear end wall and the end wall 28 asthe frontend wall of the combustion chamber. The gas outlet opening 22 is hereshown as being provided in the top wall 26 adjacent the rear end wa1121. Although I have shown only one gas outlet 22, it will be appreciatedthat a second outlet is located at the opposite side of the combustionchamber and connecting thelatter with the left-hand flue 2 I, as viewedin Fig. 2. Access may be had to the interior of the combustion chamberthrough the usual door 29 .attached to the front end wall 28.

The boiler I0 is shown in Fig. 1 as being fired by a conventional guntype oil burner 30 which discharges a mixture of atomized oil and airinto the lower part of the combustion chamber where it is ignited andthe major part of combustion takes place. As'stated, the combustiongases flow upwardly and outwardly from the combustion chamber throughthe outlet opening22. The arrows in Fig. 1 indicate the path of flow ofthe-comibustion gases.

In accordance with the presentv invention, I

provide an improved form of crown sheet bafile structure indicatedgenerally by the reference character 32. The baflle is spaced downwardfrom the crown sheet or top wall 26 and from the ga outlet 22 andthereby functions to prevent the very hot combustion gases from flowingdirectly to the gas outlet andalso effects a more thoroughand intimatecontact of the gases with the entire area of heat absorbing surfacedefining thecombustion chamber. Due

to this well distributed and intimate contact of the gases with the heatabsorbing wall struce ture, the temperature of the gase leaving thecombustion chamber is lower andthe efiiciency 'of the boiler higher.

Furthermore, the baffle structure 32 acts to reduce the temperature ofthe gases before striking the top wall or crown sheet 25 andconsequently there .is less" likelihood of damage to the crown sheet,the latter being more vulnerable to high temperatures due e' beifiu 2 obtruc in t s m ext t the irc t water space a o th o n heet- ;v

he c own sh t ba le. structur 32 x end erossa h ton of the c mbus c ambeom ones de w ll 2 th re to. theethers de eve- 7 nd s ar an e alene idethend-(@ 121 which isadiae nt the t e .22- st ted, theath .11s. spaced dwnward fromthe top. wall 26. an issarren d b neat t e eutle 22;. nd t usprovices. aeash ssaee 33 etween the; wall it a baffle r32, which passageconnects ,at its-forward nd withtheu perparts of 'th combustio chamberand connects at its rear end withrthe.

structure may: be likened unto the. peaked roof of a house with each,plate. icorresponding: to; a

sideoftthefroof, 'and lyingi'adjacent one of the upright sidewalls. Theapex ofthejV-shaped structure is shown as extendin'gforwardly away from1a central 'pOI'tiOI'l of the reari'end wall '2'! I and. toward.theffro'nt end wall 28 "and -'lying approximately "within a? centrallongitudinal vert'ie cal rplane'through the boilerl andab'o'ut 'edui-"distant :from the 'two sidewalls 24 and" 25.

"Each of the plate, members'34i'and35'is formed as'caw'casting and theplates :arepreferablyidentical in formso th at'onlyqne pattern willbe'required. Thei'plates are so "constructed that they may be arrangedadjacent either of the up rightsidewall ifl" or 25', i; e., they arereversible;

Each plate-comprisesfla' lower edge portion 3'! adaptedto bearrangedalongside-one of the side walls" and'an upper edge portion38jarrang ed in abutting and mutual supporting engagement with the'upper edge 38"of the-other plate, and

each plate comprises end or lateral edge-portions 39 and 40, one ofwhich extendsalong' th'e end wall 21, depending upon which side-of theboiler" the plate is placed. The various edgeportionsfcontribute toreinforcing th'e pIate'. 1

Means is provided on each of the upright side walls Hand 25 at oppositesidesofthecombus tioin chamber fiorsupporting the lower edge porti'ons'31? of the two plate members against outward or downward movement;said; means being showfnin'the for-m of'a single lug ll 2-extendin ginwardly from each side of thesection it3fan dfan abutment rnember 43arranged centrally andon top of each lug 42. The outer or peripheralface of each lower edge portion 31 abuts a member 43. and the lowermostedge 31a thereof rests on the lug 42 (see Fig. As corresponding upper 5edge portions 38 of the two plates are in abutting engagement with oneanother and the lower edge portion 31 are prevented from spreading ormoving outward due. to lugs '42 and abutments 43, thetwo plates'are heldtogether in assembled position by their own weight. The

lugs 42 engage the respective plates forwardly of their longitudinalcenters whereby the plates are caused to lean against the rear furnacewall as later described.

16 In order"toi, assure proper assembly of the plates withintheb'oilerand at the same time permit reasonable tolerances in manufacture ofthe'cast ironparta the upper edge portion 38 of each. plate is providedwith a relatively high abutting or engaging surface preferably in theouter abutting face; 46. It isv noted from; an.

examination of Figs. 1, 3 ,and 4-thatthe abutting face J45 does notextend for the fulllength of the flange 45, but is in realitytwoco-planar faces 46aand 461? located, respectiyelm'a-t the two endportions of the flange '45. The central portion 41 ofthe flange does notextend out to the-plane of the faces; 46a and 46b. The latter is done soas to assure abutting;engagementfof the facesof opposing. plates3ll and35. If-the face 46 extended for thez'full length of they flange,unevenness in castingv might" cause afihighs'pot and engagement; would:only be had flVlJliZitiSHOt 3 and theplates wouldirock'abouttheDOlhtT'Of' engagement and be unsteady: f-Theyc'onstructi'on shownassures at least two points of contacti at opposite ends of eachplate, i

I Each ofthe' plates '34 and"=iszprovided atzits. upper edge "38 with "apair fof; hooks, :or lugsyfl and 50, which project outwardly'fronrtheflange.

4 5' thereof" and overlie thetopisurface bfthe flange 453 of theotherplate. Thus, in' caseeither plate, for example, the'plate 34., ihappens to beaccidentally"displa'cedupwardly' with .res pect tc theother plate; the "plate 3 55,"; the; hooks '45 and of plate 35 willimmediatelyengagelthe top" latter against further upward?'irlovement anddisassembly of the p1'ates.:"In order to provide tolerances in the.castings' necessary to assure between the lower 'suface of the hooks?and? the top surface. of the flange fli' or'thecpposing 5 plate. Inorder thatonlyonepatternbeflneces sary, the hooks wand 50'offl'eachplataare spaced unequal distances frcm tl-ie adjacent edges 39and 4flitherebffso that w enthe plates are arranged inreverse"positioriw thIrespeet to one anothery-the position showri irfthe" new ings, the hooks o'f-fon'e plate" 'will' lfie be stag ge redwith respect tothe hook's' ofthe 'otlrier pl ate rid will 'not' strikeone "another; is' notedtha Fig. 3? the ri'gh t-'hand -1 l(;)61 5m'i'Sspaced the 65 same "distance fro'm the right; 'efdgelfliof plate'35, asthe left-haud'nock -sc' s spaced rroci the left-hand 'edfgef 40 of 'itspl at at left-hand hook 49 is spaced the from the adjacent edge 39of'its -plat35 as the right-hand hook 49' is spaced fro'rn the adjas t-el me distance- 34. .The difference in spacing is such that the hooks ofopposing plates will not interfere with one another and so that the hook49 of, one plate will always lie alongside the hook 50 of the adjacentplate.

Each end edge portion '39 and 40 is provided adjacent the upper andlower edges 38 and 37 with spacing lugs52 and 53, so that when eitherplate is in assembled operative position the'lugs 52 and 53 projectingfrom the end edge portion thereof which is adjacent the rear end wall21, will engage such wall 21 and space such end edge portion therefrom,so that a small flow of combustion gases will be maintained upward alongthe surface of wall 21 and into the gas outlet 22. This constructionprevents the formation of dead gas spaces along the wall 21 beneath thebafile 32. These lugs also position the plates and prevent them fromrotating about their single lower edge lug supports 42. t V a Each ofthe plates 34 and 35 is also provided along the lower longitudinal edge31 thereof with downwardly extending lugs 60 one of which engages behindthe side of the projection or lug 42 which is adjacent the end wall 21and holds such plate in assembled position against and prevents itmoving away from the end wall. One of the lugs 60 performs the justmentioned function when the plate is arranged alongside one boiler sidewall and the other lug 60 performs such function when the position ofthe plate is reversed and it is arranged alongside the opposite boilerside wall.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that I have provided an improvedform of heating apparatus which includes as an essential part thereof, asimple and inexpensive form of crown sheet bafile, which can be readilyinserted through a, fire door'and properly assembled in the combustionchamber after the boiler sections have been assembled.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United Statesis:

1. A crown sheet bafile for boilers and the like comprising a pair ofsimilar thin plate members arranged to form an inverted'V-shapedstructure with the upper meeting edges of said members in abuttingmutual supporting engagement, and adapted to be supported at their lowerouter edges against outward and downward movement, each of said platemembers being generally rectangular in shape and including a wideupstanding reinforcing flange extending along one side thereof andhaving an outer face forming said upper meeting edge thereof, said facehaving planar end portions and a depressed center portion and eachmember also includingtwo hooklike lugs projecting along the back of andoutward from the top of said flange one near each end thereof andadapted to overlie the adjacent parts of said other plate member when.in assembled relation therewith, said lugs being differently spaced fromtheir respective ends for the purpose described.

2. In heating apparatus, wall structure defining a combustion chamberwherein fuel is adapted to be burned and including upright opposed sidewalls, a rear wall and a top wall; a crown sheet baffle extending acrosssaid combustion chamber from one side wall thereof to the opposite sideWall thereof, having one edge substantially against the rear wall andbeing spaced downwardly from said top wall to provide a gas passagetherebetween, said crown sheet baffle comprising a pair of similarplates arranged portion being arranged centrally of said chamber andbeing provided by an upstanding flangeof substantialheight having anouter face disposed in abutting and mutualsupportingengagement with thecorresponding face of the,

other plate, a single lug on each of said side walls for supporting,respectively, the lower edges ofsaid plates only forward of theirlongitudinal:

centers against outward and downward 'move ment and; means on each loweredge to engage behind the corresponding'lug to prevent move ment of theplate away from the rear wall. 3. In heating apparatus, wall structuredefining a combustion chamber wherein fuel is adapt-, ed to be burnedand including a pair of. upright opposed side walls, a rear wall andatop wall; a pair of supporting lugs formed, respectively, one on eachof said side walls and said lugsrextending toward the center of thecombustion chamber; a'crown sheet baffle extending across saidcombustion chamber from one sidewall thereof to the oppositeside wallthereof, having, one edge engaging, against the rear wall and be-, ingspaced downwardly from said top ,wall/ to provide a gas passagetherebetween, said crown sheet bafile comprising a pair of similarplates arranged to form an inverted V-shaped structure and each platecomprising upper and lower edge portions at opposite sides thereof andthe lower edge portion being arranged alongside one of said side wallsand being supported by the lug on said one side wall only forward of thelongitudinal center thereof against outward and downward movement andthe upper edge portion of each plate being disposed centrally of saidchamber and in abutting and mutual supporting engagement with the upperedge portion of the other plate.

4. In heating apparatus, upright opposed side walls, an end wall, and atop wall constituting a part of the defining wall structure of acombustion chamber in which fuel is burned, the combustion chamberhaving a gas outlet in the upper part thereof adjacent said end wall; acrown sheet bafiie extending across the upper part of the combustionchamber from one side wall to the other side wall and alongside said endwall and being spaced downwardly from said top wall and below saidoutlet to provide a gas passage connected at one end with said outletand connected at its other end with the lower part of the combustionchamber, said crown sheet baflle comprising a pair of similar platesarrangedto form an inverted V-shaped structure with the apex of the Vextending horizontally outward from said end wall and lengthwise of thecombustion chamber and being located approximately equidistant from theside walls, each plate having an upper edge in abutting and mutualsupporting engagement with the corresponding upper edge of the otherplate and a lower edge alongside the adjacent side wall, means on saidside walls and. engagin e lower edges of said plates substantiallyforward of their longitudinal center for supporting said plate againstoutward and downward movement, and lugs spacing said plates from saidend wall so as to permit enough gas flow therebetween to prevent a deadgas space below the plates and alongside the end wall, said lastmentioned lugs preventing rotation of the plates about the first lugs,

5;:1'Iniheating apparatus; wall. structure edefin ing'acombustionchamberwherein'fuelis adapted te her-burned and comprisingupright i'opposed sidewalls, an end .wall, 'and altop wall; .a' pair :ofsupportingalugs formed; respectively; on said side walls and said lugsextendingatowardithe center at opposite sides thereof and'the lower edgepor tion being arranged alongside one of said side walls and beingsupported by said lug on said one side wall against outward and.downward movement, and theupper edge portion ofeachplate being disposedcentrally .of said chamber and in abutting and: mutual supportingengagement with the upperedge portion: of the other'plate, andapositioning slug projectingirom the lower parts ofleachplateandengaginglthe-side of -the adjacent supporting 'lug' which: facestowardsaid end wall so as to hold the plate inengagement against said endwall.

T6; in heating apparatus comprising opposed upright side walls,. aironic wall, airearwall, and a toplwall defining a combustion chamberin. which fuel is adaptedto be burned laeremovable crown sheet baflieadapted to bevar-ranged'across the upper, part of said combustionchamberfrorn'one side walllto the lothersideawall thereof and spaced downwardlyfrom-said top wan to define argas passageitherebetween, and. said crownsheet baitfleaacomprising aJ-pair of similar intercharigeable platesarranged to formv anxjinvert'ed V-shaped structure with the apex ofth'ezV extending.:horizontally between the front and rear wallssandbeing. located approximately equidistant: from the sidezwalls; each ofsaid plates havingzan upper edge in; abutting and mutual supportingengage.- ment with the upper edge ofthe other plate. and h ilingza.lower. edge lying. alongside theadjacent sidewall, means on said sidewalls supporting the lower edges of said plates forward of their longi-Vtudinal centersagainst outward and downward movement, and,projections'forming substantial extensions of the upper and lower edgesof each plate engaging the rear wall to provide spacing therefrom, andto prevent. rotationof .the plates about said supporting means." A

BERNARD GOERG. f

